Hukuk sosyolojisindeki temel yaklaşımlar
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Hukukun kaynağı ile ilgili olarak ilk ortaya çıkan akım tabiî hukukçu yaklaşımdır. M.Ö 5.yüzyılda Sofistlerin temsil ettiği bu akım mensupları, köleliğin insanların doğuştan var olan eşitliğine aykırı olduğunu iddia ettiler. Helenistik dönemde Stoalılar tabiata uygun yaşamanın aklın da bir gereği olduğunu ileri sürdüler. Roma’da Cicero tabiî hukukun, tabiata uygun akıldan başka bir şey olmadığını iddia etti. Tabiî hukukçu yaklaşım Yeniçağda Thomas Hobbes ve John Locke tarafından temsil edildi. Her iki düşünür de tabiî hukuku siyasi rejimleri meşrulaştırmakta kullandılar. 19.yüzyılda meydana gelen gelişmeler hukuki pozitivizmi ortaya çıkardı. Analitik pozitivizm, yetkili organlar tarafından konulan hukuku meşru kabul ederken, sosyolojik pozitivizm hukukun kaynağını sosyal yapıda arar. Normativist pozitivizme göre ise belirli usûlde ve belirli kuraldan doğan hukuk normunun belirli bir davranışı emretme veya yasaklaması onun meşru kabul edilmesi için yeterlidir.
The first movement that showed up with regard to the origin of law is the natural jurist approach. This movement which was represented by the Sophists in the 5th century B.C argued that slavery was contrary to inherent equality of human beings. The Stoics in the Hellenistic period claimed that living in coherence with the laws of nature was a necessity of reason. Cicero in Rome maintained that the natural law was nothing more than reason harmonious with the nature. The natural jurist approach was represented by Thomas Hobbes and by John Locke in modern times. Both thinkers took advantage of natural law in legitimation of political regimes. The developments that occurred in 19th century led to positivism in law. While analytical positivism accepts as legitimate the law legislated by authorized agencies, sociological positivism seeks the origin of law in social structure. On the normative positivism, that a certain juristic norm rooted in a specific rule decrees and prohibits a specific behavior in a specific way is sufficient for its being accepted as legitimate
The first movement that showed up with regard to the origin of law is the natural jurist approach. This movement which was represented by the Sophists in the 5th century B.C argued that slavery was contrary to inherent equality of human beings. The Stoics in the Hellenistic period claimed that living in coherence with the laws of nature was a necessity of reason. Cicero in Rome maintained that the natural law was nothing more than reason harmonious with the nature. The natural jurist approach was represented by Thomas Hobbes and by John Locke in modern times. Both thinkers took advantage of natural law in legitimation of political regimes. The developments that occurred in 19th century led to positivism in law. While analytical positivism accepts as legitimate the law legislated by authorized agencies, sociological positivism seeks the origin of law in social structure. On the normative positivism, that a certain juristic norm rooted in a specific rule decrees and prohibits a specific behavior in a specific way is sufficient for its being accepted as legitimate
Açıklama
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 3 (2).
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hukuk, Hukukçu, Eşitlik, Meşruiyet verme
Kaynak
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
3
Sayı
2
Künye
Çalık, E.,(2012).Hukuk sosyolojisindeki temel yaklaşımlar.İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 3 (2).61-82 ss.
