Delirium Caused by Hypercalcemia in Older Adults
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Galenos Publ House
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Delirium; can be described as a temporary and reversible brain dysfunction syndrome, which manifests itself primarily with physical, physiopathological and psychological disorders. The leading causes of delirium are pneumonia, cancer, urinary infection, electrolyte imbalance (hypo-hypernatremia, hypo-hypercalcemia, hypo-hypermagnesemia), dehydration, congestive heart failure, uremia and stroke. We present a 68-year-old male patient was admitted to the geriatric outpatient clinic with complaints of fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and weight loss that started about 4 weeks previously. His physical examination was conscious, awake, co-operative but time orientation was not complete. The delirium assessment scale (DAS) was used for delirium evaluation and MDAS 13/30 (delirium >11/30) was detected. At the end of the evaluation the patient was careless and deterioration was detected in the recall test of three items. During the first 48 hours of the treatment, the patient's serum calcium level regressed and the symptoms were controlled. Hyperparathyroidism, malignancy and long-lasting immobilization are the most common causes of hypercalcemia in the elderly. Neuropsychiatric symptoms due to hypercalcemia may occur initially with concentration and increase in sleep time. As the degree of hypercalcemia increases, depression, delirium, confusion and afterwards coma may develop. As described in our patient, acute onset of attention reduction and cognitive or sensory disturbances in the course of delirium are the main features of the fluctuating course. The cause of delirium in elderly patients is multifactorial, so pathologies that may cause delirium should be excluded individually. Delirium is multifactorial, causing serious problems for affected patients, family members, caregivers and healthcare providers. The general purpose of delirium treatment is therefore early diagnosis and treatment with a multidisciplinary approach, which are of great importance in appropriate cases with delirium.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aging, delirium, elderly, hypercalcemia, parathyroid adenoma
Kaynak
European Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology
WoS Q Değeri
Q4
Scopus Q Değeri
N/A
Cilt
5
Sayı
3
