Laurocerausus officinalis Roemer (Taflan) Meyve Ekstrelerinden Nanoçiçek Sentezi ile Akantamoebisidal Aktivitenin Arttırılmasında Yeni Bir Strateji
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Tarih
2018
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Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Abstract: Patojenik Acanthamoeba türleri çoğunlukla kontakt lens kullanan kişilerde Acanthamoeba keratiti olarak bilinen enfeksiyona neden olmaktadır. Bu enfeksiyon tedavi edilmediği takdirde, korneada ülserasyon, görmede azalma hatta körlüğe neden olabilmektedir. Acanthamoeba enfeksiyonunun tedavisinde birçok seçenek bulunmasına rağmen, bunlar zor ve sınırlı etkinliğe sahiptir. Acanthamoeba’ya karşı etkili olan ve sıklıkla kullanılan hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) kontakt lens dezenfektanı olmasına rağmen, korneada toksik etki yapmaktadır. Bu nedenle, Acanthamoeba enfeksiyonları için yeni ve daha etkili tedaviler gerekmektedir. Bu konuyla ilişkili olarak bitkilerin yeni ilaçların geliştirilmesinde doğal kaynaklar olduğu düşünülmektedir. Tıbbi bir bitki olan Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. (Rosaceae) Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde yetişmektedir; meyveleri “Taflan”, “Laz kirazı” ve “Karayemiş” olarak bilinmektedir. Tohumları halk arasında şeker hastalığına karşı kullanılırken, meyveleri ise yiyecek olarak tüketilmekte, idrar söktürücü ve böbrek taşı düşürücü olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu bölgede, taflan tohumlarının antiparazitik olarak kullanıldığı da bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, meyvenin halk arasındaki antiparaziter kullanımının doğrulanması ve potansiyel etkinliğinin organik-inorganik hibrit sentezi yolu ile artırılması amaçlanmıştır. Meyvenin endokarp, mezokarp ve tohumlarından hazırlanan metanol ekstrelerinin toplam fenol içerikleri hesaplanmıştır. Metanol ekstrelerinin ve bu ekstrelerden sentezlenen nanoçiçek (NÇ) yapıların Acanthamoeba castellanii proliferasyonu üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Böylece, ilk kez NÇ olarak bilinen yeni bir organik-inorganik nano-biyo-antiparazitik ajan üretilmiş ve NÇ’nin amibisidal aktivite üzerindeki etkisi aydınlatılmıştır. NÇ’lerin ayrıntılı özellikleri taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), Kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FT-IR) ve Enerji Dağılımlı Spektrometre (EDX) yöntemleri kullanılarak gösterilmiştir. Meyve ekstreleri ve NÇ’lerin katalitik aktiviteleri H2O2 varlığında gayakole karşı ölçülmüştür. Amibisidal aktivite için kullanılan A.castellanii kistlerinin canlılık testi %4 Trypan blue kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Metanol ekstreleri ve nanoçiçekler %0.9’luk serum fizyolojik içinde 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 ve 1 mg/ml konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanmış ve tüplere 200’er ?l dağıtılmış ve canlılığı %98 olan A.castellanii parazitinden 200’er ?l eklenerek oda sıcaklığında inkübe edilmiştir. Sonuçlar SPSS V.22.0 programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve varyans analizine göre ekstreler ile karşılaştırıldığında NÇ’lerin amibisidal aktivitesinde anlamlı bir artış olduğu saptanmıştır (p? 0.05). Çalışmada, örneklerin belirli zamanlarda parazitleri öldürdüğü veya parazit çoğalmasını azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, taflan meyve ekstrelerinden sentezlenen NÇ’lerin tek başına ekstrelerden yaklaşık üç kat daha etkili amibisidal aktivite gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum, NÇ olarak bilinen yeni bir nano-biyo-antiparazitik ajanın A.castellanii üzerinde yüksek proliferatif etkisi olarak açıklanabilir.
Öz: Pathogenic Acanthamoeba species often cause infection known as Acanthamoeba keratitis among people who use contact lenses. It is a type of infection that can result in corneal ulceration, visual loss or even blindness, if not treated. There are various therapeutic options available in the treatment of Acanthamoeba infections but they are usually tough treatments with limited efficacy. For instance, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a commonly used contact lens disinfectant which is effective against Acanthamoeba but it is toxic to the cornea. For these reasons, new and more efficacious treatment options are required for Acanthamoeba infections. In this context, plants are considered natural resources for the discovery of new drugs. Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. (cherry laurel) (Rosaceae) grows in Black Sea region; and it is known as “Taflan”, “Laz kirazı” or “Karayemis”. Local people are using the seeds against diabetes, while the fruits are consuming as food, and used fordiuretic and passing kidney stones. It has also been reported that the seeds of the cherry laurel are used as an antiparasitic agent in this area. The aim of the study was to confirm the traditionally use of antiparasitic activity of this fruit and to increase the potential effect by means of organic-inorganic hybrid synthesis. Total phenol contents of methanol extracts prepared from endocarp, mesocarp and seeds of the fruit were calculated. The effects of methanol extracts and nano flower (NFs) plants synthesized from these extracts on the proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii were investigated. Thus, for the first time, novel organic-inorganic nanobioantiparasitic agents called NFs were produced from cherry laurel and the increase in the amoebicidal activity of the NFs was elucidated. The characterization of NFs were determined with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. In addition, the catalytic activity of the fruit extracts and the NFs were measured against guaiacol in the presence of H2O2. The viability testing of A.castellanii cysts used for amoebicidal activity was performed using 4% trypan blue. Methanol extracts and nano-flowers were prepared at concentrations of 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 and 1 mg/ml in 0.9% saline and distributed 200 ?l each in tubes and incubated in the room temperature with the addition of 200 ?l of 98% viable A.castellani parasites. The results were evaluated using the SPSS V.22.0 program and it was determined that there was a significant increase in the amoebicidal activity of NFs compared with the other extracts according to variance analysis (p? 0.05). In the study, it was determined that samples killed parasites or reduced parasite proliferation at certain times. As a result, NFs synthesized from fruit extracts were demonstrated about three times more effective than the non hybrid extracts for amoebicidal activity. This situation can be explained as high proliferat
Öz: Pathogenic Acanthamoeba species often cause infection known as Acanthamoeba keratitis among people who use contact lenses. It is a type of infection that can result in corneal ulceration, visual loss or even blindness, if not treated. There are various therapeutic options available in the treatment of Acanthamoeba infections but they are usually tough treatments with limited efficacy. For instance, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a commonly used contact lens disinfectant which is effective against Acanthamoeba but it is toxic to the cornea. For these reasons, new and more efficacious treatment options are required for Acanthamoeba infections. In this context, plants are considered natural resources for the discovery of new drugs. Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. (cherry laurel) (Rosaceae) grows in Black Sea region; and it is known as “Taflan”, “Laz kirazı” or “Karayemis”. Local people are using the seeds against diabetes, while the fruits are consuming as food, and used fordiuretic and passing kidney stones. It has also been reported that the seeds of the cherry laurel are used as an antiparasitic agent in this area. The aim of the study was to confirm the traditionally use of antiparasitic activity of this fruit and to increase the potential effect by means of organic-inorganic hybrid synthesis. Total phenol contents of methanol extracts prepared from endocarp, mesocarp and seeds of the fruit were calculated. The effects of methanol extracts and nano flower (NFs) plants synthesized from these extracts on the proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii were investigated. Thus, for the first time, novel organic-inorganic nanobioantiparasitic agents called NFs were produced from cherry laurel and the increase in the amoebicidal activity of the NFs was elucidated. The characterization of NFs were determined with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. In addition, the catalytic activity of the fruit extracts and the NFs were measured against guaiacol in the presence of H2O2. The viability testing of A.castellanii cysts used for amoebicidal activity was performed using 4% trypan blue. Methanol extracts and nano-flowers were prepared at concentrations of 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 and 1 mg/ml in 0.9% saline and distributed 200 ?l each in tubes and incubated in the room temperature with the addition of 200 ?l of 98% viable A.castellani parasites. The results were evaluated using the SPSS V.22.0 program and it was determined that there was a significant increase in the amoebicidal activity of NFs compared with the other extracts according to variance analysis (p? 0.05). In the study, it was determined that samples killed parasites or reduced parasite proliferation at certain times. As a result, NFs synthesized from fruit extracts were demonstrated about three times more effective than the non hybrid extracts for amoebicidal activity. This situation can be explained as high proliferat
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynak
Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni
WoS Q Değeri
Q4
Scopus Q Değeri
Q4
Cilt
52
Sayı
1
Künye
BALDEMİR A,KARAMAN Ü,YUSUFBEYOĞLU S,EKEN A,ILDIZ N,İLGÜN S,ÇOLAK C,KAÇMAZ G,ÖÇSOY İ,ÇANKAYA S (2018). Laurocerausus officinalis Roemer (Taflan)
Meyve Ekstrelerinden Nanoçiçek Sentezi ile
Akantamoebisidal Aktivitenin Arttırılmasında
Yeni Bir Strateji. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, 52(1), 56 - 71. Doi: 10.5578/mb.66400
